Henry Rowntree, also a Quaker, bought a cocoa production business in York in 1862, aiming as John Cadbury had, to provide cocoa and chocolate drinks as an appealing replacement for gin. read more
Those that are sold in the U.S., like Kit Kat, taste different, made to meet Americans preference for Hershey style bars. Instead of using milk as most other ice cream makers were at the time, he used cream. He too aspired to create the milk chocolate bar equivalent of Cadbury Dairy Milk, and he did with Neilson Jersey Milk bar in 1924, which became Canada’s best-selling bar in the twenties. It was the mainstay of the company and variations were developed – Cadbury Flake in 1920, (crumbly ribbons of chocolate), Cadbury Dairy Milk Fruit and Nut in 1928, (with raisins and almonds) and Cadbury Crunchie in 1929, (honeycomb toffee coated in chocolate).Eager to enter the Canadian marketplace as a manufacturer rather than exporter of chocolates, in 1926 Rountree acquired the assets of Canadian chocolate company Cowan’s.According to 2015 statistics from KPGM, Canadians eat 6.4. kilos or 160 chocolates bars a year—many of the Canadian classic bars made at the original Neilson chocolate factory in Toronto on Gladstone, now owned by Mondelez International, and at Nestle’s Sterling Road plant in Toronto, the former site of Cowan’s since 1910, then Rowntree. Old timers like Sweet Marie, (1931), made of caramel, fudge and peanuts; Malted Milk (tasting like a malted milkshake); Pep (dark chocolate with peppermint filling) as well as novelty bars appearing briefly on store shelves such as Neilson Choclairs in the mid 90s, an éclair like bar with chocolate filling, wafer and milk chocolate and Smarties Chocolate Bar in 2004, a solid chocolate with bits of Smarties.Henry Rowntree, also a Quaker, bought a cocoa production business in York in 1862, aiming as John Cadbury had, to provide cocoa and chocolate drinks as an appealing replacement for gin. Their rivalry (both planted worker spies in each other’s factories) inspired Roald Dahl’s classic children’s novel “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.” As a schoolboy, Dahl and his classmates at Repton boarding school tasted chocolate bars at Cadbury’s factory.From the start, the goal of “Quaker capitalism” as his descendant Deborah Cadbury terms it in “The Chocolate Wars” was “for the benefit of the workers, local community, and society at large, as well as the entrepreneurs themselves.” The company established a pension fund, and provided free medical care. He provided unemployment and sick benefits, free medical care and free education for employees’ children until age 17. Morden was a hands-on manager, much admired by his employees. No pubs were allowed, as in Bournville. When the partnership ended in 1930, Cadbury modernized the plant, and began producing their flagship bar Dairy Milk there, among others.Cadbury Dairy Milk, a milk chocolate bar with a higher proportion of milk than any previous bar recipe, and the first mass produced bar, was launched in 1905. The shop went on to specialise in tea, coffee and a chocolate drink bought-in from Bristol. The company was famous for making well-known brands of chocolate, including Kit Kat, Aero and Quality Street. After failing at several businesses, William Neilson decided to make ice cream to supplement his wife Mary’s homemade mincemeat shop. He produced his first blocks of ice cream in 1893, which sold well enough for him to eventually construct a factory on Gladstone Avenue in 1906. It is still in operation as is Cadbury’s Bournville trust established in 1900.John Cadbury, a Quaker, wanted to offer a nutritious, cheap and tasty alternative to gin which he saw ruining the lives of poor labouring families. After his death in 1947, the company was bought by George Weston.Canadians have different taste in chocolates than Americans, preferring bars that are smooth and creamy in texture, sweet, with a higher fat content than American bars writes David Carr in his history of Canada’s confection industry.
Henry was joined in business in 1869 by his brother Joseph Rowntree who eventually took over and transformed the company’s fortunes.
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rowntree chocolate factory