The layout appears to include the Larkhill Causewayed Enclosure, an older prehistoric monument built 1,500 years before Durrington.
Although the full archaeological potential of this spot was only revealed when the topsoil was removed, the first hints that something exceptional lay hidden on the hillside emerged during trial excavations. Whether this was an early example of an attempt to fix up a classic motor, or a case of a stolen vehicle being stripped down in a conveniently secluded spot remains a mystery. The shaft’s perimeter also includes the Larkhill causewayed enclosure, which was built another 1,500 years prior. So this discovery is joining a lot of dots in the landscape. The site was designated as …
The boundary appears to have been deliberately laid out to include an earlier prehistoric monument within the boundary - the Larkhill Causewayed Enclosure. ‘The individual ditches are so sinuous that they don’t create a clear arc,’ says Steve. Each hole is more than 5 yards (5 meters) deep and almost 11 yards (10 meters) in diameter. The remainder of the ditches run up the hillside and pass the group of people. Cursuses are often a bit later than the causewayed enclosures, but there can be some overlap, and the relationship between the two cursuses and the two enclosures fits very nicely. But what is certain is that when a new community gathers at Larkhill in 2019, they will be following in the footsteps of people who first assembled on this hillside over 5,000 years ago.At some point after this ditch segment began to fill up, probably in the late Neolithic period, one of a rough line of five huge timber posts was inserted into it. To be fair, though, they weren’t being shot at while they worked.The finds that came out of the ditches soon confirmed Steve’s hunch. This site was built more than 1,500 years before the henge at Durrington. The discovery of a causewayed enclosure is raising fundamental questions about the early Neolithic focus of what would become the Stonehenge landscape, while more recent digging sought to prepare soldiers for the terrors of trench warfare. ‘It will rewrite what we think about this landscape,’ says Alistair Barclay, Senior Research Manager at Wessex Archaeology. Stonehenge is one of the most studied sites in all the world, yet only recently have archaeologists had the technology to study the earth beneath the monument. Built more than 1,000 years before the …
‘They created a proper theatre of war for training,’ says Steve, ‘with trenches dug according to the manuals, something that didn’t always happen on the Western Front. Other intriguing discoveries include the remnants of an MG car that was found partially dismantled in an abandoned Second World War artillery position. Instead, it looks like they were making it up as they went along, or working to their own plan. It was then built in relation to the solstices.Scientists also found struck flint and bone fragments in dirt recovered from the shafts.
It really suggests that people need to start looking beyond the boundaries of the WHS to find out what’s happening to the north.’ When seen alongside Robin Hood’s Ball, the position of the Larkhill monument suggests that instead of the causewayed enclosures being on the periphery of the ceremonial landscape, in the early Neolithic period the focus was to the north of the later site of Stonehenge.If the causewayed enclosure was one of the first permanent structures to be dug into the Wiltshire chalk, it was certainly not the last. The Larkhill excavations were initiated by plans to base an extra 4,000 soldiers around Salisbury Plain by 2019.
“It demonstrates the significance of Durrington Walls Henge, the complexity of the monumental structures within the Stonehenge landscape, and the capacity and desire of Neolithic communities to record their cosmological belief systems in ways, and at a scale, that we had never previously anticipated.”Now dubbed the Durrington Shafts, scientists say the discovery proves that Britain’s first inhabitants may have been more advanced than previously thought — evidenced by their clear use of numbers and mathematics to build the henge network.In fact, the construction of Stonehenge itself was initiated only after ancient peoples dragged giant bluestones for 150 miles, from southwest Wales to the site in Amesbury, Wiltshire. Slender gullies created when the ground surface repeatedly froze and then thawed during the last Ice Age – long before the causewayed enclosure was built – survive on the lip of the pits and show that the differences in depth are not down to preservation. Vincent Gaffney, Author provided.
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larkhill causewayed enclosure